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"液体"森林


从巴西里奥内格罗出来的水路.


写 Rhett Butler. 翻译 Che Fei 07/12/2007
第六章:
雨林水域 



由于热带雨林降水丰富,雨水被集水区吸收,使得这里拥有一些世界上最大的河流,象亚马逊河、马德拉河、湄公河、内格罗河、奥里诺科河和扎伊尔河(刚果)等.这些大河由许多小的支流、小溪和小湾汇集而成.例如,单亚马逊河就有约1,100条支流,其中有17条有1,000多英里长.尽管无论从外表还是水组成上,大的热带河流可以说是基本一样的, 但它们的支流差别很大.在不同的年份,许多热带河流要么水位很低,要么水位很高.

除了河流以外,雨林也有一些很平常的、"自立"的湖及所谓的牛轭湖,它是河流改变流经路线而形成的.这些湖成了适应安静、停滞环境的物种的家乡.

不管热带水域是一些大的河流还是牛轭湖,生活在它们当中的动物种类和围绕这些水域的雨林差不多一样多。但它们也日益受到人类活动的严重影响,包括污染、森林采伐带来的淤积、水电站项目的建设以及对常驻物种的过度捕杀等.


复习题:
  • 为什么一些世界上最大的河流位于热带地区?

[打印版]


续: 雨林中的河流 




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